Covhaus luam yeeb tsob ntoo extract, tseem hu ua Vachellia farnesiana, yog ib hom nroj tsuag ntxim nyiam nrog ntau yam kev siv thiab kev siv. Nws tau txais nws lub npe nrov los ntawm nws cov wispy, pa luam yeeb zoo li paj uas tawg rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab lub caij ntuj sov. Thaum tsob ntoo haus luam yeeb tuaj nyob rau hauv teb chaws sov America, nws tau raug qhia thiab naturalized nyob rau hauv ntau thaj tsam subtropical thoob ntiaj teb. Qhov no hardy nroj tsuag hlob nyob rau hauv sov, arid chaw nyob los ntawm cov xuab zeb flats mus rau rocky slopes. Kev nkag siab txog tsob ntoo haus luam yeeb qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev coj noj coj ua, kev siv tswv yim, thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm ecological muab kev pom rau ntau hom kab no. Los ntawm kev tshawb txog nws cov keeb kwm, cov khoom, thiab muaj txiaj ntsig rau tib neeg, peb tau txais kev txaus siab rau ntau lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov nroj tsuag tuaj yeem ua si.
Txheej txheem cej luam ntawm Tsob Ntoo Tsob Ntoo
Tsob ntoo pa luam yeeb yog ib tsob ntoo uas tsis muaj nplooj ntoo, tsob ntoo me me uas tuaj yeem loj hlob mus txog 10 meters siab hauv qhov zoo tagnrho. Nws muaj qhov qhib, nthuav dav canopy thiab ntev, arching ceg npog hauv me me, tawv pos. Cov nplooj zoo li fern yog bipinnately compound nrog 10-20 nplooj ntawv khub. Lawv yog xiav-ntsuab nyob rau hauv cov xim thiab emit ib tug hnov tsw resinous aroma thaum crushed. Txij lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav mus txog rau lub caij nplooj zeeg, tsob ntoo haus luam yeeb dais puffy, daj-tinged paj pawg uas muab cov ntxhiab tsw muaj zog (1). Cov paj muaj ntau daj stamens protruding zoo li nyias wisps, tsim kom muaj pa luam yeeb zoo li cov nyhuv thaum lawv ntes cua. Seedpods tshwm tom qab lub caij ntuj sov nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm tiaj, twisted legumes nyob ib ncig ntawm 7-15 cm ntev. Muaj ob peb cultivars thiab ntau yam ntawm tsob ntoo haus luam yeeb uas txawv qhov loj, paj xim, nplooj ntawv, thiab adaptive yam ntxwv. Zuag qhia tag nrho, nws yog ib tsob nroj zoo nkauj, muaj ntxhiab tsw zoo uas loj hlob nyob rau hauv arid, qhib qhov chaw.
Vim li cas thiaj hu ua Smoke Tree?
Cov ntoo haus luam yeeb tau txais ob qho tib si nws lub npe thiab lub npe tshawb fawb Vachellia farnesiana los ntawm nws qhov tshwj xeeb, haus luam yeeb-zoo li paj. Lub npe hom los ntawm Latin lo lus farnesiana lub ntsiab lus "ntawm Farnese", raws li kaum rau xyoo pua Italian botanist Fabius Columna Ameslikas sau ib qho piv txwv los ntawm Farnese Gardens hauv Rome (2). Lub paj wispy tsim cov nyhuv ethereal, zoo li puffs ntawm cov pa luam yeeb drifting los ntawm tsob ntoo. Thaum cov paj thiab feather zoo li stamens tshuab maj mam nyob rau hauv cov cua, lawv tshwm smoky thiab pos huab zoo li los ntawm qhov deb. Qhov pom kev ntawm cov paj tau tshwm sim rau tib neeg thoob plaws ntau haiv neeg hu nws tias tsob ntoo haus luam yeeb.
Keeb kwm thiab kab lis kev cai tseem ceeb
Kev siv tsob ntoo haus luam yeeb hnub rov qab ntau txhiab xyoo mus rau thaum nws loj hlob nyob rau hauv teb chaws sov America. Cov haiv neeg ib txwm siv qee qhov ntawm cov nroj tsuag rau tshuaj, zaub mov, cuab yeej, thiab ornamental lub hom phiaj. Cov noob thiab cov pos hniav tau tshwj xeeb yog khoom plig rau lawv cov khoom siv tshuaj. Cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm kuj qhia txog tsob ntoo haus luam yeeb tuav lub ntsiab lus hauv dab neeg thiab kev cai dab qhuas ntawm cov haiv neeg hauv paus txawm (3).
Thaum cov nroj tsuag kis mus rau Tebchaws Europe thiab Asia ntau pua xyoo dhau los, nws tau txais kev coj noj coj ua ntxiv. Hauv Is Nrias teb, cov paj ntoo haus luam yeeb tau ib txwm siv los ua cov roj pleev plaub hau thiab tshuaj tsw qab. Cov paj kuj tau ua lub luag haujlwm hauv kev cai dab qhuas thiab cov tshuaj Ayurvedic (4). Thaum lub sijhawm Victorian, cog ntoo haus luam yeeb tau los ua cov khoom zoo nkauj hauv Tebchaws Europe thiab cov tebchaws Askiv rau lawv cov paj zoo nkauj, zoo li cov pa luam yeeb. Lawv ua lub cim ntawm sab ntsuj plig, kev rov ua dua tshiab, thiab kev ua neej nyob mus ib txhis. Qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm tsob ntoo haus luam yeeb thoob plaws ntau haiv neeg hais txog nws qhov zoo nkauj thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau lub sijhawm.
Dab tsi yog tsob ntoo haus luam yeeb siv rau?
Cov ntoo haus luam yeeb tau ua haujlwm ntau lub hom phiaj thoob plaws hauv keeb kwm. Niaj hnub no, nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb ornamental, tshuaj, thiab coj mus muag hom. Nov yog qee qhov tseem ceeb ntawm nws cov tsoos thiab niaj hnub siv:
Kev Siv Tshuaj
Txhua qhov chaw ntawm tsob ntoo haus luam yeeb tau siv tshuaj rau ntau pua xyoo, tab sis nplooj, paj, pods, thiab resin muaj cov ntaub ntawv siv ntau tshaj plaws:
- Cov tawv nqaij astringent tau ua rau kev kho mob rau khaus, khaus, thiab kub cev (5).
- Haus luam yeeb tsob ntoo extract resin muaj cov tebchaw uas ua raws li cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab cov tshuaj antioxidants thaum siv tshuaj pleev (6).
- Cov nplooj thiab cov pods tau qhuav thiab ua rau hauv tshuaj yej, tonics, thiab smudge sticks.
- Extracts qhia tau cov txiaj ntsig zoo rau daim tawv nqaij khaus, mob nyem, thiab kho qhov txhab hauv kev tshawb fawb ua ntej (7).
- Paj muaj cov tshuaj xws li beta carotene, flavonoids, thiab terpenes uas yuav muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tshuaj tua kab mob (8).
- Hauv Ayurveda thiab pej xeem tshuaj, kev npaj tsob ntoo haus luam yeeb tau siv rau ntau yam mob los ntawm mob plab mus rau rheumatism.
Thaum tseem xav tau kev tshawb fawb ntxiv, tsob ntoo haus luam yeeb qhia tau cog lus tias yog cov nroj tsuag tshuaj uas muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob antioxidant, tshuaj tua kab mob, thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
Ornamental and Landscaping Purpose
Nrog nws cov xwm txheej hardy thiab graceful, smoky blooms, cov pa luam yeeb tsob ntoo extract tau ntev lawm muaj nuj nqis raws li ib tug ornamental specimen:
- Nws yog khoom plig nyob rau hauv xeriscapes thiab drought-tolerant toj roob hauv pes rau nws adaptability rau qhuav, high-kub tej yam kev mob.
- Ntau yam hauv ntxoov daj, liab, ntshav, thiab txiv kab ntxwv muab cov xim tshwj xeeb, qhov muag pom.
- Cov nplooj muaj qhov zoo nkauj zoo nkauj thiab tig daj daj thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg rau ntau lub caij paj.
- Cov ntoo haus luam yeeb ua haujlwm zoo li cov nroj tsuag ib leeg lossis cog rau hauv pawg kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.
- Lawv tuaj yeem ua tau zoo li tus thiab pruned raws li qhov nruab nrab, paj ntoo ntxoov ntxoo.
- Dwarf cultivars yog qhov zoo tagnrho rau cov thawv, thaum hom loj dua ua rau cov ntoo zoo nkauj.
Rau kev loj hlob zoo, tsob ntoo haus luam yeeb xav tau lub hnub raug pom thiab zoo-drained, xuab zeb av. Thaum tsim tau, lawv yog cov drought-hardy thiab ntsev-resistant (9). Qhov kev zoo nkauj, hardiness, thiab floral tso saib ntawm tsob ntoo haus luam yeeb ua rau nws nyiam xaiv rau lub vaj thiab toj roob hauv pes thoob ntiaj teb.
Kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam
Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo haus luam yeeb thiab cov pos hniav tau raug sau ua lag luam rau ntau daim ntawv thov:
- Cov pos hniav noob tau muaj keeb kwm siv los ua tshuaj tsw qab, kua roj vanish, lacquer, thiab cov khoom nplaum thaum qhuav (10).
- Extracts los ntawm nplooj thiab paj yog ntxiv rau ib co tshuaj pleev ib ce thiab perfumes rau lawv qab ntxiag aroma.
- Tannins sau los ntawm cov tawv ntoo muaj kev siv tawv tanning thiab textile dyeing.
- Ib txhia haiv neeg tau ua nuv ntses nets, ntaub, ntawv, thiab hlua los ntawm cov pa luam yeeb fibers thoob plaws hauv keeb kwm (11).
- Cov kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no qhia tau tias muaj peev xwm siv tau rau cov pa luam yeeb ntoo thiab cov noob rho tawm hauv kev khaws zaub mov, tshuaj, thiab bioplastics (12).
Txawm hais tias tsis yog cov qoob loo lag luam loj, tsob ntoo haus luam yeeb tsim cov tebchaw thiab muab rho tawm nrog ntau yam thoob plaws ntau qhov kev lag luam. Cov khoom siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob qiv lawv tus kheej rau kev siv tshuaj thiab khaws cia.
Ecological tseem ceeb
Nyob rau hauv nws haiv neeg, tsob ntoo haus luam yeeb plays ob peb ecological luag hauj lwm:
- Nws muab chaw nyob, zes chaw, thiab khoom noj rau noog, tsiaj me me, thiab kab.
- Lub hauv paus ntom ntom pab tiv thaiv av yaig nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam arid.
- Cov ntoo haus luam yeeb ua rau muaj nitrogen thiab organic teeb meem rau cov av tsis zoo.
- Cov paj yog ib qho tseem ceeb nectar qhov chaw rau pollinating muv, butterflies, thiab yoov.
Txawm li cas los xij, kev sib kis ntawm tsob ntoo haus luam yeeb sab nraum nws cov haiv neeg tau ua rau muaj qee qhov kev txwv kev txwv:
- Nws tuaj yeem dhau los ua nroj tsuag, ntxeem tau, thiab lwm qhov chaw nyob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau Islands tuaj (13).
- Cov ntoo haus luam yeeb tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov haiv neeg thiab hloov hluav taws kub ntau zaus.
- Kev sau qoob loo rau cov khoom tuaj yeem ua tsis tiav yam tsis muaj kev saib xyuas kom raug.
Nrog kev tswj xyuas lub luag haujlwm, tsob ntoo haus luam yeeb tuaj yeem muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo rau tsiaj qus. Tab sis kev saib xyuas yuav tsum tau ua nrog ib hom yoog tau yooj yim uas tuaj yeem kis tau yooj yim tshaj nws cov haiv neeg.
Puas yog Smoke Tree Sap Poisonous?
Cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo los yog cov tshuaj tsw qab ntawm tsob ntoo haus luam yeeb tsis suav tias yog tshuaj lom, tab sis nws yuav ua rau cov tawv nqaij khaus khaus rau cov neeg uas muaj rhiab heev. Cov resin muaj cov khoom sib xyaw xws li terpenes thiab tannins uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev tsis haum rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab cov mucous daim nyias nyias (14). Kev noj cov pa luam yeeb me me tsis zoo li yuav ua rau muaj kab mob lom. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tsis xis nyob, xeev siab, lossis ntuav tuaj yeem tshwm sim, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov menyuam yaus. Ib qho kev cuam tshuam rau tsob ntoo cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam txog cov tsos mob ua pov thawj rau kev soj ntsuam kev kho mob. Tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev ua rau tuag taus los ntawm kev tiv tauj lossis noj cov pos hniav ntoo ib leeg, txawm tias nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws zam.
Puas yog Smoke Tree Native rau Tebchaws Meskas?
Cov pa luam yeeb yog ib txwm nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Asmeskas, tab sis tsis ncaj qha mus rau Tebchaws Meskas. Nws thawj haiv neeg muaj xws li:
- Mexico
- Central America
- Caribbean Islands tuaj
- Northern South America (15)
Nws tau raug qhia thiab pom zoo nyob rau hauv cov huab cua sov zoo sib xws thoob plaws ntiaj teb suav nrog thaj chaw ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm yav qab teb United States, California, thiab Hawaii qhov twg nws loj hlob tuaj. Txawm li cas los xij, tsob ntoo haus luam yeeb tsis tshwm sim nyob rau hauv feem ntau ntawm Asmeskas sab hauv. Nws tuaj yeem loj hlob raws li tsob ntoo ornamental thoob plaws USDA Hardiness Zones 8-11, txawm hais tias nws yuav nyuaj rau lub caij ntuj no txias heev. Nrog rau kev ua siab ntev rau cov cua sov, aridity, thiab cov av tsis zoo, tsob ntoo haus luam yeeb muaj peev xwm kis tau mus rau sab hnub poob.
Xaus
Cov ntoo haus luam yeeb muaj ntau qhov tseem ceeb raws li cov qauv zoo nkauj, tshuaj kho mob, cov khoom lag luam, thiab cov peev txheej ecological. Thaum cov resin ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau tawv nqaij khaus thiab ib puag ncig kev sib kis tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam, tsob ntoo haus luam yeeb tau pom tias nws muaj txiaj ntsig thiab muaj txiaj ntsig rau tib neeg ntau pua xyoo. Cov nroj tsuag tshwj xeeb no muab kev zoo nkauj, kev coj noj coj ua, thiab kev siv hluav taws xob thoob plaws ntau haiv neeg thiab kev lag luam. Txawm hais tias nws ntxiv ib qho chaw haus luam yeeb rau lub vaj lossis muab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, cov mystique thiab cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm tsob ntoo haus luam yeeb muaj zog. Yog tias tswj tau kom ruaj khov, nws cog lus tias yuav yog hom tsiaj uas muaj txiaj ntsig thiab siv tau ntev mus rau yav tom ntej.
Botanical Cube Inc. yog tus kws tshaj lij Smoke Tree Extract Powder tsum. Peb cov khoom tsim tau nruj me ntsis saib xyuas, kom ntseeg tau zoo. Yog tias koj txaus siab rau peb cov khoom, thov hu rau pebsales@botanicalcube.comlos yog mus saib peb lub vev xaib kom paub ntau ntxiv. Peb tshwj xeeb hauv kev kho cov kev daws teeb meem rau cov neeg siv khoom, nrog peb lub chaw R & D ywj pheej thiab ntau yam kev lag luam kev paub. Nrog peb kev cog lus rau kev ua tau zoo thiab kev pabcuam, peb tau txais kev ntseeg siab thiab kev txaus siab ntawm cov neeg siv khoom hauv ntau tshaj 100 lub teb chaws thiab cheeb tsam thiab thoob plaws ntau tshaj 500 kev lag luam.
Cov ntaub ntawv:
1. Vachellia farnesiana. Nroj tsuag ntawm Ntiaj Teb Online. Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Tau txais los ntawm https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:50030036-2
2. Cov npe cog. Vachellia farnesiana. http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/ild-321
3. Morton JF. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm huab cua sov. Julia F. Morton; Xyoo 1987.
4. Parrotta JA. Kho nroj tsuag ntawm Peninsular India. CABI; Xyoo 2001.
5. Duke JA, DuCellier JL. CRC Phau Ntawv Qhia Txog Tshuaj Kho Mob. 2nd ed. CRC Xovxwm; Xyoo 2006.
6. Ramos et al. Antibacterial thiab antioxidant kev ua ub no ntawm Vachellia farnesiana (L.) Wight & Arn. Gum. Arabian Journal of Chemistry. 2013; 6(3):{4}}.
7. Meena AK, et al. Ayurvedic tshuaj ntsuab hauv kev tiv thaiv thiab kev kho mob ntawm kev sim ntshav qab zib - Prameha. Phau ntawv Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders. 2019; 18(2): 345–364.
8. Badgujar SB, Patel VV, Bandivdekar AH. Foeniculum vulgare Mill: Kev Ntsuam Xyuas ntawm Nws Botany, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Kev Siv Tam Sim No, thiab Toxicology. BioMed Kev Tshawb Fawb International. Xyoo 2014; 2014: 842674.
9. Vachellia farnesiana. Missouri Botanical Garden PlantFinder. https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?kempercode=b590
10. Shafiei S, et al. Vachellia swb. Cov pos hniav: Green Sources with Emerging Applications. Molecules. 2021; 26 (21): 6732 (ib.
11. Morton JF. Cov nroj tsuag loj Medicinal: Botany, Kab lis kev cai thiab kev siv. Auburn University; Xyoo 1977.
12. Barros FWC, et al. Vachellia farnesiana cov pos hniav thiab cov noob rho tawm hauv bioplastic ntau lawm. Cov qoob loo thiab cov khoom lag luam. Xyoo 2019; 137:138-144.
13. Pala-Paul J, et al. Cov tshuaj thiab cov nroj tsuag muaj ntxhiab ntawm lub ntiaj teb - Africa. Springer Netherlands; 2017.
14. Orwa C, Mutua A, Kindt R, Jamnadass R, Anthony S. Agroforestry Database: Ib tsob ntoo siv thiab xaiv phau ntawv qhia version 4.0. Ntiaj teb Agroforestry Center; Xyoo 2009.
15. Vachellia farnesiana. Ntiaj teb no Biodiversity Information Facility. https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.f7gess