Raws li kev nrawm nrawm, ntshav qab zib thiab lwm yam teeb meem metabolic tseem nce siab thoob ntiaj teb, tab tom txhim kho cov neeg siv khoom txaus siab rau qis calorie cov suab thaj kom hloov cov suab thaj. Kev ua lag luam thoob ntiaj teb rau ob qho tib si tsis tu ncua thiab tsis pom tseeb cov suab thaj yog kwv yees kom ncav cuag $ 1.5 nphom los ntawm 2024 [1]. Ob qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws uas sib tw rau ib feem ntawm lub khw no yogstevia nploojrho tawmthiab cov qab zib fake sucralose. Qhov kev sib raug zoo no ua rau cov ntsiab lus pib, cov qauv hluavtaws, kev noj qab haus huv influences, tsw profiles, thiab cov neeg yuav khoom txais tos piv txwv ntawm ob qho khoom qab zib no.
Txheej txheem cej luam ntawm Stevia nplooj Extract
Stevia nplooj extract yog tau los ntawm nplooj ntawm Stevia rebaudiana cog hauv zos mus rau sab hnub tuaj Paraguay. Ib feem ntawm cov tsev neeg paj noob hlis, tsob ntoo me me no tau siv los ua cov suab thaj rau lub sijhawm ntev hauv South America. Cov khoom qab zib uas muaj nyob rau hauv nplooj yog txawv steviol glycosides, nrog rau rebaudioside A, stevioside, rebaudioside C, thiab dulcoside. Cov glycosides khi rau kev zoo siab receptors ntawm tus nplaig kom xa cov qab zib tsis muaj calories [2].
Stevioside ua rau 5-10% ntawm nplooj extract thiab yog ntau zaus zoo dua qab zib. Rebaudioside A, ntawm 3-4% ntawm nplooj, yog cov glycoside ntau tshaj plaws thiab yog ntau zaus zoo dua sucrose [3]. Txhawm rau ua lag luam stevia extract, cov khoom sib xyaw yog sib cais los ntawm cov nplooj stevia qhuav los ntawm ntau cov txheej txheem dej rho tawm, taug qab los ntawm kev ua kom zoo dua siv ethanol lossis methanol cov kuab tshuaj. Cov decontaminated tshem tawm muaj ntau dua 95% steviol glycosides, nrog rebaudioside A ua rau ntau dua.
Txheej txheem cej luam ntawm Sucralose
Hauv kev sib piv rau stevia, sucralose yog ib qho khoom qab zib uas tsim los ntawm kev hloov kho cov suab thaj (sucrose). Nws tau tshawb pom yuam kev hauv xyoo 1976 los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb tsim cov tshuaj tua kab tshiab. Lawv pom tias los ntawm kev xaiv chlorinating sucrose, lawv tsim cov dej-soluble qab zib derivative 600 npaug sweeter dua sucrose [4].
Txhawm rau ua sucralose rau kev lag luam, sucrose yog chlorinated los ntawm kev hloov peb pawg hydroxyl nrog chlorine atoms. Qhov no hloov cov duab ntawm cov molecule kom nws tsis tawg thaum lub sij hawm zom thiab elicits ib tug muaj zog qab zib saj. Qhov tshwm sim yog ib qho khoom qab zib ruaj khov uas tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub ua noj. Sucralose yog tsim los ntawm ntau cov txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg thiab ua kom huv mus rau cov hmoov dawb dawb cov khoom kawg.
Cov txiaj ntsig kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev pheej hmoo
Stevia nplooj Extract
Ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb pom tseeb tias cov organic stevia nplooj rho tawm tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov ntshav qabzib lossis qib insulin, ua rau lawv txaus siab rau kev tswj ntshav qab zib [5]. Tib neeg kev sim qhia tias stevia txo qis cov piam thaj tom qab piv rau ob qho tib si sucrose thiab aspartame [6]. Kev tshuaj ntsuam meta-kev txiav txim siab stevia tuaj yeem txo cov ntshav siab, pab kho hniav, pab kom poob phaus, thiab tswj ntshav qab zib [7]. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj kev txhawj xeeb tias tag nrho cov nplooj stevia rho tawm tuaj yeem muaj qhov tsis zoo rau lub raum lossis kev ua me nyuam ntawm cov koob tshuaj ntau heev hauv kev tshawb fawb tsiaj [8].
Sucralose
Zoo li txhua cov suab thaj uas tsis yog khoom noj khoom haus, sucralose tuaj yeem pab hnyav rau cov thawj coj thiab tswj cov piam thaj vim nws cov calories xoom thiab tsis cuam tshuam rau cov piam thaj [9]. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tshawb nrhiav tsis tu ncua qhia tau hais tias kev siv sucralose ua rau tsis zoo hloov lub plab microflora, nce kev tawm tsam insulin, thiab txo qis cov piam thaj hauv cov nas [10]. Tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov kev tshawb pom no rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv thiab txhua yam kev phom sij ntawm sucralose tseem raug tshuaj xyuas.
Flavour thiab Texture
Stevia
Hauv nws daim ntawv ntshiab, stevia extracts tuaj yeem muaj iab, licorice zoo li tom qab saj. Txhawm rau txhim kho tsw, cov khoom lag luam sib xyaw stevia nrog lwm cov khoom qab zib thiab tsw. Nws ua haujlwm zoo tshwj xeeb hauv cov dej haus txias. Txawm li cas los xij, cov khoom qab zib hloov pauv hauv qab cua sov, yog li nws yuav tsis haum rau txhua yam khoom ci. Qhov tsis muaj ntau los ntawm cov suab thaj kuj cuam tshuam kev ntxhib los mos. Kev sib xyaw ntawm stevia nrog cov kab mob loj xws li erythritol txhim kho qhov ncauj.
Sucralose
Sucralose muab cov qab zib zoo li qab zib yam tsis muaj qab zib qab qab. Txij li nws tseem nyob ruaj khov ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, nws tuaj yeem siv rau hauv daim ntawv thov ci. Txawm li cas los xij, zoo li stevia, nws tsis muaj suab thaj ntau, yog li kev ntxhib los mos tuaj yeem ua teeb meem hauv qee yam khoom. Sucralose feem ntau ua ke nrog maltodextrin lossis lwm cov tshuaj ntxiv los txhim kho qhov ncauj. Qhov tsis muaj qab zib tsw kuj txhais tau tias nws yuav tsis ua haujlwm zoo hauv txhua yam zaub mov uas tsim los rau qab zib.
Puas yog stevia nplooj extract zoo dua sucralose?
Thaum nws los txog rau kev noj qab haus huv, stevia tej zaum yuav muaj ib qho me ntsis ntawm sucralose vim nws lub hauv paus chiv keeb thiab tsawg kawg nkaus rau cov kab mob plab. Txawm li cas los xij, ob qho tib si raug suav hais tias muaj kev nyab xeeb los ntawm cov neeg saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv hauv qhov nruab nrab [3]. Rau qhov tsw, sucralose yog ntau yam thiab muaj tsawg dua tom qab, tab sis stevia yog ntau yam ntuj tso. Zuag qhia tag nrho, qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj yog nyob ntawm tus kheej qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev saj, kev noj haus, thiab ntuj piv rau cov khoom qab zib.
Puas yog stevia nplooj extract zoo dua li cov khoom qab zib?
Piv rau aspartame, saccharin, thiab acesulfame poov tshuaj, stevia muab cov khoom qab zib los ntawm cov nroj tsuag ntau dua. Kev tshawb fawb tseem qhia tias stevia muaj qhov cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau cov ntshav qab zib, thaum nquag noj qee cov khoom qab zib tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau kev tswj cov piam thaj thiab cov metabolism [4]. Txawm li cas los xij, stevia qhov tsw tsis yog ntau yam rau kev ua noj thiab ci. Rau cov neeg uas xav tau cov khoom qab zib tiag tiag, stevia extract yog qhov kev xaiv zoo dua li kev xaiv khoom tsim.
Dab tsi yog qhov downside ntawm stevia ua cov khoom qab zib?
Muaj peev xwm downsides ntawm kev siv stevia suav nrog nws cov iab, licorice zoo li tom qab saj, tus nqi piv rau lwm cov khoom qab zib, thiab tsis muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj peev xwm ua rau ci. Kuj tseem muaj qhov tsis paub meej txog kev cuam tshuam ntawm stevia ntawm lub plab flora tshuav nyiaj li cas nrog kev siv mus sij hawm ntev. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntaub ntawv ua tiav heev ntawm stevia nrog kev saj zoo dua yog suav tias yog ntuj tsawg dua li cov khoom nyoos stevia extracts.
Puas yog stevia nplooj extract nce ntshav qab zib?
Tib neeg cov kev tshawb fawb pom tias stevia muaj qhov ntsuas glycemic ntawm 0 thiab tsis muaj txiaj ntsig rau cov ntshav qabzib lossis qib insulin [5]. Txawm hais tias nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib hom 2, stevia tsis cuam tshuam cov ntshav qab zib lossis cov lus teb insulin piv rau sucrose tom qab noj mov [6]. Yog li, kev tshawb fawb qhia tias cov organic stevia nplooj extract tsis cuam tshuam cov ntshav qab zib piv rau cov piam thaj li niaj zaus thiab cov khoom qab zib.
Consumer cwj pwm thiab kev siv
Kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no ntawm cov neeg siv khoom pom pom 44% ntseeg tias stevia extracts noj qab haus huv dua li cov khoom qab zib [11]. Txawm li cas los xij, 49% hais tias lawv saj cov khoom siv dag zog lossis hlau. Hauv qhov sib piv, tsuas yog 22% xav tias sucralose qab qab zib. Ob qho khoom qab zib tuaj yeem pom hauv ntau txhiab khoom noj los ntawm cov dej qab zib mus rau yogurts. Cov npe loj siv stevia suav nrog Pepsi Next, Vitaminwater Zero, Yoplait Light, thiab Hershey's chocolates. Diet Coke, Coke Zero, thiab Splenda hom sucralose tseem yog cov khoom nrov. Cov pab pawg neeg siv xws li Center for Science hauv Public Interest txhawb nqa stevia tab sis pom zoo kom txo qis kev noj sucralose thiab lwm yam khoom qab zib [12].
Xaus
Hauv kev xaus, kev sib piv ntawm cov organic stevia nplooj extract thiab sucralose qhia tias ob qho tib si sweeteners muaj lawv tus kheej zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo. Txawm hais tias tseem xav tau kev tshawb fawb ntxiv, stevia lub hauv paus chiv keeb tuaj yeem ua rau nws muaj txiaj ntsig rau cov neeg siv khoom xav tau khoom noj khoom haus zoo. Stevia yog cov yam ntxwv qab zib tau los ntawm nplooj ntawm Stevia rebaudiana tsob nroj thiab negligibly cuam tshuam cov piam thaj thiab insulin. Nws muaj qhov ua kom zoo dua qub tsis tau tuaj yeem muaj qhov kev xav hnyav thiab yuav tsis tsim nyog rau txhua yam zaub mov txawv. Tom qab ntawd ib zaug ntxiv, sucralose yog ib qho qab zib cuav uas zoo nkaus li zoo li qab zib qab zib yam tsis muaj qhov mob hnyav. Nws yog khov kho ntawm qhov kub thiab txias thiab tuaj yeem siv rau hauv ci, tsis tau nws los txog luv luv ntawm qhov loj thiab searing peev xwm ntawm qab zib.
Thaum txiav txim siab txog kev cuam tshuam kev noj qab haus huv, stevia tuaj yeem muaj qhov me me vim nws lub hauv paus chiv keeb thiab kev cuam tshuam tsawg kawg ntawm cov kab mob plab. Txawm li cas los xij, ob qho tib si stevia thiab sucralose raug suav hais tias muaj kev nyab xeeb hauv kev noj qab haus huv. Cov neeg siv khoom tus cwj pwm ntawm cov khoom qab zib no sib txawv, nrog qee qhov pom tias stevia yog noj qab nyob zoo tab sis khoom qab zib, thaum sucralose feem ntau pom tau tias muaj qhov tseeb dua.
Thaum kawg, kev xaiv ntawm stevia thiab sucralose nyob ntawm tus kheej nyiam txog kev saj, lub hom phiaj kev noj haus, thiab ntuj piv rau cov khoom qab zib. Botanical Cube Inc., raws li cov kws tshaj lij cog cov khoom lag luam, muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo stevia nplooj extract. Nrog rau kev tsim cov hauv paus thiab kev siv tshuab siab heev, lawv ua kom muaj kev ruaj khov ntawm cov khoom lag luam rau ntau yam lag luam. Yog xav paub ntxiv, koj tuaj yeem tiv tauj sales@botanicalcube.com.
Cov ntaub ntawv
[1] Grand View Research. (2019). High Intensity Sweeteners Market Size.
[2] Sims, LS, & Renwick, AG (2016). Cov teebmeem ntawm kev ua lag luam ntawm steviol glycosides hauv nplooj ntawm Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 95, 164-176.
[3] Carakostas, MC, et al. (2008). Txheej txheem cej luam: keeb kwm, kev ua haujlwm thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm rebaudioside A, ib txwm tshwm sim steviol glycoside, siv rau hauv cov zaub mov thiab dej haus. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 46, S1-S10.
[4] Sims, J., Roberts, A., Daniel, JW, & Renwick, AG (2000). Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov khoom noj sucrose-derived ntawm lub plab ua haujlwm thiab kev zom zaub mov. Alimentary Pharmology & Therapeutics, 14(S2), 45-61.
[5] Goyal, SK, Samsher, & Goyal, RK (2010). Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana) bio-sweetener: kev tshuaj xyuas. Int J Food Sci Nutr, 61(1), 1-10.
[6] Anton, SD, et al. (2010). Kev cuam tshuam ntawm stevia, aspartame, thiab sucrose ntawm kev noj zaub mov, satiety, thiab postprandial qabzib thiab qib insulin. Qab zib, 55(1), 37-43.
[7] Neeb, APM et al. (2017). Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Stevia rebaudiana ntawm kev ua siab ntev ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov neeg laus ib txwm: Ib qho kev sib tw ob qhov muag tsis pom kev, kev tshawb fawb placebo. Khoom noj khoom haus, 53, 1087-1092.
[8] Nakajima, T. (2000). Toxicological yam ntawm stevioside. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 38(1), S31-S34.
[9] Miller, PE, & Perez, V. (2014). Tsawg-calorie sweeteners thiab lub cev hnyav thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg: ib qho kev tshuaj ntsuam meta-kev soj ntsuam ntawm randomized tswj kev sim thiab cov kev tshawb fawb yav tom ntej. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 100(3), 765-777.
[10] Suez, J. et al. (2015). Artificial sweeteners induce glucose intolerance los ntawm kev hloov lub plab microbiota. Xwm, 514(7521), 181-186.
[11] International Food Information Council Foundation (IFIC). (2020). 2020 Food and Health Survey.
[12] Lub Chaw rau Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Txaus Siab rau pej xeem. (nd). Qab zib. Tau txais los ntawm https://cspinet.org/sweeteners